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KMID : 1100220100090040115
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Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
2010 Volume.9 No. 4 p.115 ~ p.121
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The Characteristics and Subtypes of Subjective Memory Impairment in Older Adults
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Chin Ju-Hee
Oh Kyung-Ja
Seo Sang-Won
Shin Hee-Young
Na Duk-Lyul
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Abstract
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Background: Subjective memory impairment (SMI) refers to a condition where people complain about memory problem despite intact cognition. The aims of this study were to examine the specific characteristics of memory complaints using Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ) and to investigate whether there were subgroups among the SMI subjects.
Methods: A total of 252 subjects with SMI were recruited from a health promotion center. These subjects did not have previous history of dementia or cognitive impairment and performed normally on the Korean-Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE). A group of 196 individuals served as healthy controls (HC) recruited from the same center. Both SMI and HC groups underwent KMMSE, short version of Geriatric Depression Scale (S-GDS) and MMQ which consisted of 3 subscales: Memory contentment (MMQ-C), memory ability (MMQ-A) and memory strategy (MMQ-S). SMI were analyzed according to 3 subscales of MMQ.
Results: SMI group showed the lower scores on the MMQ-C and MMQ-A and the higher scores on the S-GDS and MMQ-S than HC group, but no significant difference on K-MMSE scores between groups. Three clusters of SMI subjects were identified according to MMQ- A, MMQ-S and S-GDS. Cluster 1 contained subjects with lower memory contentment, morememory complaints and less use of memory strategy than HC. Cluster 2 subjects presented lower memory contentment, more memory complaints and more use of memory strategy. Subjects in cluster 3 showed prominent depression, severe discontentment about memory and memory complaints.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that SMI group might be heterogeneous and could be divided into subgroups according to specific features of memory complaints. Furthermore we could suggest that memory questionnaire is useful to evaluate various features of SMI and some SMI subjects might be closely related with psychological problem such as depression.
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KEYWORD
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Subjective memory impairment, Memory disorder, Cognition, Depression
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